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经纬网
经线和纬线是人们为了在地球上确定位置和方向的,在地球仪和地图上画出来的,地面上并没有画有经纬线。连接南北两极的线,叫经线。和经线相垂直的线,叫纬线。纬线是一条条长度不等的圆圈。最长的纬线,就是赤道。 因为经线指示南北方向,所以,经线又叫子午线。 国际上规定,把通过英国格林尼治天文台原址的那条经线,叫做0°经线,也叫本初子午线。在地球上经线指示南北方向,纬线指示东西方向。连接南北两极的并同纬线垂直相交线,也称子午线。经线指示南北方向;所有经线都呈半圆状且长度相等;两条正相对的经线形成一个经线圈;任何一个经线圈都能把地球平分为两个半球。在地球仪上,顺着东西方向,环绕地球仪一周的圆圈,叫做纬线。所有的纬线都相互平行,并与经线垂直,纬线指示东西方向。纬线圈的大小不等,赤道为最大的纬线圈,从赤道向两极纬线圈逐渐缩小,到南、北两极缩小为点。 世界重要经纬线分布图
赤道: ①刚果盆地 ②维多利亚湖北部 ③东非高原 ④印尼(苏门答腊岛;加里曼丹岛) ⑤基多(厄瓜多尔) ⑥亚马孙平原
南回归线: ⑴南非高原(纳米布沙漠;卡拉哈里沙漠) ⑵马达加斯加岛 ⑶印度洋 ⑷澳大利亚中部 ⑸智利 ⑹阿根廷 ⑺巴西(圣保罗;里约热内卢)
北回归线: ⒈撒哈拉沙漠 ⒉红海 ⒊阿拉伯半岛 ⒋印度半岛 ⒌中国 洛阳疫情最新消息今天又封了
⒍夏威夷岛 ⒎墨西哥(湾重庆市好玩的地方有哪些) ⒏古巴 北极圈2022年即将倒闭的银行:Ⅰ冰岛北面 Ⅱ挪威 Ⅲ瑞典 Ⅳ芬兰 Ⅴ俄罗斯 Ⅵ白令海峡 Ⅶ阿拉斯加 Ⅷ加拿大 Ⅸ格陵兰岛
40°N: 伊比利亚半岛 意大利(撒丁岛;脚底) 巴尔干半岛(希腊) 土耳其海峡 小亚细亚半岛 里海 中亚(土;乌;吉) 中国 朝鲜 日本本州北部 美国(费城)
本初子午线 英国(伦敦) 法国 比利牛斯山 西班牙 地中海 阿特拉斯山 撒哈拉沙漠几内亚湾 大西洋内蒙古风景图片
180°: a楚科奇半岛 b白令海 c阿留申岛 d夏威夷岛西侧 e新西兰东侧
30°E: 五台山真的能断了孽缘A芬兰与俄罗斯交界 B白俄罗斯 C乌克兰 D黑海 E土耳其 F地中海 G埃及 H坦噶尼喀湖 I德拉肯斯山脉
经纬网与距离
在经纬网图上,可以根据经纬度量算两点之间的距离。全球各地纬度1°的间隔长度都相等(因为所有经线的长度都相等),大约是111km/1°。赤道上经度1°对应在地面上的弧长
大约也是111km。由于各纬线从赤道向两极递减,60°纬线上的长度为赤道上的一半,所以在各纬线上经度差1°的弧长就不相等。在同一条纬线上(假设此纬线的纬度为α)经度1°对应的实际弧长大约为111cosαkm。因此,只要知道了任意两地间的纬度差,或者是赤道上任何两地的经度差,就可以计算它们之间的实际距离。两地间最近距离的判断:若两地经度差等于180o,则过两地的大圆为经线圈,两地最近距离为大圆中过两极点的劣弧;若两地经度差不等于180o,则过两地的大圆不是经线圈,而与经线圈斜交,两地最近距离不过极点,而是过两极地区。 中国重要经纬线分布图![](data:image/jpg;base64,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)
北回归线: ①云南南部 ②广西南部 ③广东 ④台湾海峡 ⑤澎湖列岛 ⑥台湾南部
30°N: Ⅰ喜马拉雅山脉 Ⅱ拉萨(雅鲁藏布江北面) Ⅲ横断山脉(怒江澜沧江金沙江)Ⅳ成都 Ⅴ重庆 Ⅵ武汉 Ⅶ九江 Ⅷ宁波
40°N: 1喀什 2塔里木盆地 3罗布泊 4敦煌 5玉门 6嘉峪关 7巴丹吉林沙漠 8东胜 9大同 10北京 11秦皇岛 12山海关 13丹东
90°E: ⅰ阿尔泰山 ⅱ准噶尔盆地东面 ⅲ吐鲁番盆地 ⅳ罗布泊 ⅴ昆仑山东段 ⅵ青藏高原 ⅶ纳木错 ⅷ拉萨西面 ⅸ喜马拉雅山脉
120°E: ⑴额尔古纳河 ⑵海拉尔 ⑶山海关 ⑷渤海 ⑸烟台西侧 ⑹青岛西侧
浙江省博物馆镇馆之宝⑺无锡 ⑻杭州 ⑼台湾海峡 ⑽台湾与澎湖列岛之间
重要经纬线
0经线:北海、伦敦、英吉利海峡、伊比例亚半岛东侧、西非几内亚湾中部
30E:斯堪的纳维亚半岛最北端、芬兰与俄罗斯的国界、黑海、小亚西亚半岛、地中海东部、尼罗河的西部附近、东非大裂谷、南非高原的东部
60E:乌拉尔山脉、咸海、伊朗高原、阿富汗的国界、阿拉伯半岛最东侧、阿拉伯海
90E:阿尔泰山、准噶尔盆地、天山山脉东部、吐鲁番盆地、塔里木盆地、阿尔金山、昆仑山东侧、柴达木盆地、唐古拉山、雅鲁葬布江谷地、喜马拉雅山、不丹、孟加拉恒河河口
100E:中西伯利亚高原、蒙古高原、河西走廊、祁连山、中南半岛、马来半岛、马六甲海峡、苏门答腊岛
110E:中西伯利亚高原、贝加尔湖东侧、蒙古高原、包头、东胜、黄土高原、渭河谷地、华山、汉江、神农架、巫峡、怀化、桂林、雷州半岛、琼州海峡、海南岛中部、加里曼丹岛中部、爪哇岛中部
120E: 勒拿河西部、漠河西侧、大兴安岭、辽西走廊、秦皇岛、渤海中部、山东半岛中部、青岛、太湖、杭州、福州、台湾西侧及高雄、菲律宾岛西侧、澳大利亚西侧
150E:东西伯利亚山地、鄂霍次克海、千岛岛、关岛、新几内亚岛东侧、澳大利亚东侧
180:白领海峡以西、新西兰以东
120W:北美西海岸
90W:哈德孙湾、苏必利尔湖西侧、密西西比河及河口、墨西哥湾中部、中美洲
75W:拉布拉多半岛、五大湖东部、华盛顿东部、西印度岛、安第斯山中部、南美洲最南端海岸
80W:拉布拉多半岛东侧、纽芬兰半岛西侧、南美洲中部
0赤道:几内亚湾、刚果盆地、东非高原、马来岛、安第斯山、亚马孙河口
北回归线:撒哈拉中部、尼罗河、红海、阿拉伯半岛北部、阿拉伯海、印度半岛北部、恒河河口、中南半岛、云南广西广东南部、台湾海峡、台湾岛中部、夏威夷岛、加利福尼亚半岛南部、墨西哥高原、墨西哥湾中部。古巴以北
30N:非洲地中海海岸、苏伊士运河、西奈半岛、波斯湾北部、青藏高原、四川盆地、长江中下游平原、杭州湾南部、密西西比河口
40N:南欧三大半岛、土耳其海鲜、小亚细亚半岛、里海、图兰平原、帕米尔高原、塔里木河、河西走廊、内蒙古高原、大同、北京、秦皇岛、鸭绿江口、朝鲜半岛、日本海、本州岛、落基山、中央大平原、阿巴拉契亚山
60N:斯堪的纳维亚半岛、波罗的海、东欧平原、乌拉尔山、西西伯利亚平原、中西伯利亚山地、鄂霍次克海、勘察加半岛、白令海、阿拉斯加半岛、科迪勒拉山、中央大平原、哈德孙河、拉布拉多半岛、格陵兰岛南端