英美社会与文化试题参考答案(仅供参考)

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1.what are the general features of Britain`s independent schools?
An independent school in the United Kingdom is a school relying upon private sources for all of its funding, predominantly in the form of school fees. In England and Wales the term public school is often used to refer to what is normally called in other countries a "private" school, a term which originally referred to those schools named in the Public Schools Act 1868. These schools themselves tend to prefer the term "independent school".
2.why is the United States regarded as a "melting pot" and a "salad"?
The melting pot is a metaphor for a heterogeneous society becoming more homogeneous, the different elements "melting together" into a harmonious whole with a common culture. It is particularly used to describe the assimilation of immigrants to the United States; the melting-together metaphor was in use by the 1780s.
After 1970 the desirability of assimilation and the melting pot model was challenged by proponents of multiculturalism, who assert that cultural differences within society are valuab
le and should be preserved, proposing the alternative metaphor of the salad bowl – different cultures mix, but remain distinct.
3.why did America change its policy and enter world war two?
Because the Great Depression lead a worldwide warfare crisis . But in the face of the Warfare crisis,the thinking of isolationism and anthropocentrism filled the society of America,most of American pay no attention on the war of other countries. It was until March of 1941 when the warfare fo west Europe is become incandescent the Capitol Hill adopt the Act of Lease. This marked US was no longer neutral state but a member of Allies. Than the Pearl Harbor incident finally made the United States enter The World War II on the side of the Allies.
4.what were Nixon's well-known contributions during his presidency?
Nixon is noted for his diplomatic foreign policy, especially with the Soviet Union and China, and his efforts to end the Vietnam War. He is also noted for his middle-of-the-road
domestic policy that combined conservative rhetoric and, in many cases, liberal action, as in his environmental policy.
As president, Nixon imposed wage and price controls, indexed Social Security for inflation, and created Supplemental Security Income. The number of pages added to the Federal Register each year doubled under Nixon. He advocated gun control, reduced speed limits, and eradicated the last remnants of the gold standard. Nixon created the Environmental Protection Agency and Occupational Safety and Health Administration and implemented the Philadelphia Plan, the first significant federal affirmative action program.
5.what was the cause of the American civil war?
万州旅游景点排名前十1. Economic and social differences between the North and the South.
先去延吉还是先去长白山
2. States versus federal rights
3. The fight between Slave and Non-Slave State Proponents.
4. Growth of the Abolition Movement.
5. The election of Abraham Lincoln.
6.what are the two characteristics of the U.S construction?成都旅游论坛
the Statue of Liberty  The Capitol
7.what are the qualifications for a senator and a representative respectively?
成都到九寨沟机票价格Senator:1) each senator must be at least 30 years old, 2) must have been a citizen of the United States for at least the past nine years, and 3) must be (at the time of the election) an inhabitant of the state he or she seeks to represent.
Each representative must: (1) be at least twenty-five years old; (2) have been a citizen of the United States for the past seven years; and (3) be (at the time of the election) an inhabitant of the state they represent.
喀什市人民政府网8.what are the Major powers of the supreme court?
东方明珠门票多少钱
The Supreme Court of the United States is the highest judicial body in the United States,
and leads the federal judiciary. It consists of the Chief Justice of the United States and eight Associate Justices, who are nominated by the President and confirmed with the "advice and consent" of the Senate. Justices serve "during good Behaviour," which terminates at death, resignation, retirement, or conviction on impeachment. The Court meets in Washington, D.C. in the United States Supreme Court building. The Supreme Court is primarily an appellate court, but has original jurisdiction in a small number of cases.
9.how does an American university choose its applicants?
It will through some aspects:transcript,academic performance,extra-curricular achievements,personnel,inherence,artistic skills

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